engleski

Comparative analysis of the machine labor ratio for earth excavation in different economies

Earth excavation has the same process flow in all parts of the world but the choice between excavation technology i.e. manual or machine work, or combination of these two vary in different parts of the world as well as costs of manual work and the availability of construction machinery. According to the MGI (2012) there will be potential surplus of 90 to 95 million low-skilled workers in the world by 2020. In advanced economies demand for high-skilled labor is growing faster than supply, while demand for low-skilled labor is weakening. In this paper authors analyze excavation costs of a wide shallow pit in order to determine whether manual work for this kind of job will be possible and cheaper or not. Cost and time analysis is made for the excavation of naturally moist solid soil in wide shallow pit for building foundations using minimal worker salary and minimal machine cost per hour, related to country’s standards for countries like Germany, Croatia, Pakistan, New Zealand and India. As expected, results have proved that machine work will be optimal choice in Europe because of insufficient work force to replace a machine in addition to the expensive manual work, however ; in developing countries machine work still is not the clear choice.

costs; excavation; human-machine ratio; low-skilled workers

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