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Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of sweet corn genotypes

Sweet corn is a worldwide wegetable consumed as fresh, frozen or canned. Interest in phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of sweet corn has increased due to their health benefits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interaction on the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AOA) of sweet corn. The field trial with ten sweet corn hybrids (sugary and shrunken type) was set up at Osijek in 2011 and 2012. Samples for the laboratory analysis were taken 23 days after controled polination at technological maturity of sweet corn. Total phenolic content was measured spectrophotometrically, using a modified Singleton and Rossi (1965) method and reported as milligrams of gallic acid per 100 gram dry weight (mgGA/100gDW). Antioxidant activity was measured as DPPH scavenging capacity according to Brand-Williams et al. (1995) and reported as mgGA/100gDW. Highly significant genotype effect for TPC at each year and accros years was found. Mean TPC among hybrids ranged between 173 and 328 mgGA/100gDW. In avarage, shrunken hybrids had significantly higher TPC than sugary (298 and 210 mgGA/100gDW, respectively). Effects of environment and genotype by environment interaction for TPC were not significant. For AOA environmental effect was considerably larger than genotype effect. Mean AOA among hybrids ranged between 290 and 334 mgGA/100gDW. There was no phenotypic correlation betweeen TPC and AOA (r=0, 04). Obtained results suggest that non-phenolic compounds might play an important role in AOA of sweet corn.

sweet corn; antioxidant activity; phenol content; genotype effect

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