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The impacts of gestational diabetes and obesity of mothers on insulin resistance and adipokines levels in the umbilical blood

Introduction. Due to the stressful and sedentary lifestyle with the plenty of calorie-rich food obesity reaches pandemic proportions. It is increased interest of scientist to discovery previously unknown metabolic-endocrine effects on obesity. Aims. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of obesity of the mother and GDM as individual and combined factors on the levels of glucose, C-peptide, adiponectin and leptin in umbilical serum, and on insulin resistance in the child. Methods. This case control study included 160 pregnant women divided into four groups according to BMI and GDM. The concentration of C-peptide, adiponectin and leptin were determined using the ELISA method. Results. Obese women in both diabetic and healthy groups had higher concentrations of C-peptide. The concentration of adiponectin was positively correlated to newborn’s weight among women with normal BMI values in both diabetic and healthy groups and leptin concentrations and newborn’s weight only among obese diabetic women. Conclusion. This study has shown that the activities of increasingly common pathogenic factors in the mother - weight and increased insulin resistance - either independent or combined, alter the in utero metabolism of the child.

obesity ; insulin resistance ; adipokines ; gestational diabetes ; pregnancy

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