engleski

The use of mycorrhyza in fruit growing

The aim of this work is to present mycorrhiza in fruit growing and its effect on the growth and yield of fruit trees based on previously published studies. Mycorrhiza is symbiosis of higher plant roots and fungi. There are three types of mycorrhiza: endomycorrhiza, ectomycorrhiza and endoectomycorrhiza. This symbiotic association brings many benefits to plants, such as resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses(drought, salinity, toxic elements, the lack of lightand nutrients, high temperature, pathogens)and increase of growth and yield. Mycorrhization of fruit trees irrigated with saline water significantly reduces harmful effect of salt on plant growth and development, but it also increases productivity. Mycorrhiza helps the uptake of plant nutrients. It allows better growth, development and yield when the fruit trees have suffered thermal stress caused by high temperatures, but at temperatures below the biological minimum its beneficial effect is reduced. It was noted that mycorrhiza significantly increases the rate of fruit photosynthetic activity and thus directly affects the growth and yield. Mycorrhiza can significantly reduce the harmful effects of heavy metals. It is effective against pathogens and can be used instead of pesticides. In some cases, the yield increase can be as high as 50%.

mycorrhiza; biotic stress; abiotic stress; tree productivity; fruit quality

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