engleski

Yield and quality components of broccoli cultivars (Brassica oleracea L. convar. botrytis (L.) Alef. var. italica Plenck).

Aiming to introduce broccoli in Croatia throught three year period (1994-96) were investigated yield and quality components of 16 broccoli cultivars cultivated without irrigation in summer-autumn period in climatic conditions of north-west Croatia. In course of broccoli picking, following a dynamics dictated by meteorological conditions and inflorescence development, the weight and diameter of marketable top inflorescence, were measured together with evaluation of compactness and bead-size also lenght and diameter of inflorescence stalks. The weight, diameter and bead-size together with length of inflorescence stalk were the only measurements taken with the side inflorescence. In 1994 and 1995 favorable air temperature of 20-24°C following transplanting, also 15-18°C in time of inflorescence forming gave significant higher total yields in both years. Under Duncan’s test according to total yield in three year investigation, cultivars Citation, Bolivia and Fiesta (7.4, 7.4, 7.0 t•ha-1) had best assessment. The highest yield and average mass of top inflorescence was achieved with cultivars Bolivia, Fiesta and Platini (6.2,6.3 and 6.2 t•ha-1, resp. 169,168, and 168 g). The evaluation of compactness of these inflorescences suggest an exceptional firmness. The cultivars Cruiser, Citation and Excelsior (2.4,2.2 and 1.6 t•ha-1) excel as regards the production and side inflorescence yield. This investigation proved that the climatic conditions of north-west Croatia during the summer-autumn period favour the broccoli cultivars for the fresh market having firm and big top inflorescence as well as high yield: Bolivia, Fiesta and Platini. For the supply of processing industries the cultivars of high production of small side inflorescences (Cruiser, Citation and Excelsior) can be recommended.

broccoli; cultivar; yield; quality

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