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In situ monitoring of condensation reaction between carbohydrazide and salicylaldehyde and characterization of the reaction products

The condensation reaction between salicylaldehyde and carbohydrazide yielded a mixture of two bioactive Schiff bases: mono(salicylidene)carbohydrazide and bis(salicylidene)carbohydrazide. The reaction progress was monitored in situ by using a combination of in-line vibrational spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis. Such approach provided a direct insight into the mixture composition during the investigated chemical process. Prior to in-line reaction monitoring, the products were structurally characterised in solution and solid state to check the potential of the in-line approach as a tool for in-proces control. In-line NIR and Raman spectroscopy were used for monitoring the condensation reaction in methanol, ethanol and propan-2-ol. The recorded spectra were further processed by employing principal component analysis, which enabled the estimation of reaction times and the assignment of characteristic vibrational bands. It has been shown that vibrational spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis can be successfully applied to detect and identify the reaction products in real time and determine the reaction end points in different solvents.

condensation reaction; in-line vibrational spectroscopy; product characterization

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