engleski

Chronic kidney disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease – is there a link?

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of liver disease in Western countries. Depending on the diagnostic criteria used the prevalence of NAFLD ranges from 10% to 24% in the general population. In the great majority of cases, NAFLD arises in association with either one or more features of the metabolic syndrome (MS), namely insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, central obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. As mentioned above, research in recent years has led to the recognition of the importance of NAFLD and its relationship to the MS. This has led to a growing interest in the potential prognostic value of NAFLD for adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcome. On the other hand, searching for new risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) development and progression is very important. Growing evidence suggests that the MS is an important factor in the pathogenesis of CKD. The best confirmation of this pathogenic link is hypertensive and diabetic nephropathy as the main causes of CKD. Furthermore, the possible link between NAFLD and CKD has also attracted research interest and recent data suggest an association between these two conditions. These findings have fuelled concerns that NAFLD may be a new and added risk factor for the development and progression of CKD. NAFLD and CKD share some important cardiometabolic risk factors and possible common pathophyisiological mechanisms, and both are linked to an increased risk of incident CVD events. Therefore, common factors underlying the pathogenesis of NAFLD and CKD may be insulin resistance, oxidative stress, activation of rennin-angiotensin system, and inappropriate secretion of inflammatory cytokines by steatotic and inflamed liver. Further studies that will investigate the possible link between liver and kidney are needed.

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; cardiovascular disease; chronic kidney disease

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