engleski

Pharmacogenomics - basic of personalised medicine

Pharmacogenetics (PGx)/pharmacogenomics (PGn) are defined as a study of genetic background related to an individual’s response to drugs in order to optimise drug therapy to an individual genotype. Genetic differences in gene expression or single- nucleotide polymorphisms can explain drug efficacy or toxicity, thus by knowing the genetic specificities it is possible to ensure optimal efficacy and minimal adverse effects of drugs. Thus, PGx and PGn enables shift from an approach “one drugs fits for all” to the approach “right drug in right dose for right patient at right time and right route” and provides individualisation of therapy. Although there are numerous evidences on the value and successfulness of such approach, pharmacogenomics testing is modestly present in the clinical practice. The workshop will provide an insight into the most prominent examples of usefulness of PGx and PGn in individualisation therapy of codein, warfarin, statins, drugs related to hypersensitivity reactions, some anti- cancer drugs (imatinib, tamoxifen), thiopurine drugs, methotrexate, and raloxifen. The importance of pharmacogenomics will be testified on the examples of some enzymes (CYPs, UDP glucoronyl- transferase, and thiopurine S-methyltransferase), and transporters. In addition, some examples of legislative and ethical issues, as well as pharmacoeconomics aspect of PGX/PGn will be discussed.

personalized healthcare; pharmacogenomics

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