engleski

Risk factors and co-morbid diseases in heart failure patients

Heart failure (HF) is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries and a leading cause of hospitalization and hospital mortality. The aim is to show the frequency of risk factors and co-morbid diseases in HF patients. Data of 850 HF patients are analyzed in the paper. We used the data of the on-line Heart Failure Patients Registry of the Croatian Society of Cardiology in the period from 1st October 2005 till 30th June 2008. All the patients from the Registry are analyzed by age, sex, employment status, occurrence of risk factors and co-morbid diseases. Hospitalization count data for HF during the last 12 months were analyzed as well as the patient’s self-estimation of the life quality. Descriptive statistics of the studied variables for all the patients of the Registry during the study period have been made. Results: During the observation period 454 male (53, 4%) and 396 female patients (46, 6%) were included in the study. The average age was 72 years (min – max: 27 – 97 years). There were 609 (71, 6%)pensioners. There were 59 (7%) active smokers, 89 (10, 5%) former smokers and 385 (45, 3%) non-smokers.Body mass index median was 27 (range: 18 – 50). Anemia was found in 60 patients (7%). Negative inotropic drugs were used by 63 (7, 4%) patients, 13 patients had liver failure (1, 5%), 12 patients had GI bleeding (1, 4%), excessive alcohol intake was present in 14 (1, 6%) and excessive intake of liquids or salt in 2 patients (0, 2%). Other co-morbid diseases were: diabetes mellitus type 2, which was present in 255 patients (30%), diabetes mellitus type 1 in 43 patients (5, 1%), COPD in 123 patients (14, 5%). 13 patients (1, 5%) had suffered lung embolism. 108 patients had brain stroke or TIA (12, 7%). Kidney failure was recorded in 126 (14, 8%) patients. Peripheral arteriopathy was present in 56 (6, 6%) patients. Nine patients (1%) had immunologic diseases, whereas hypo- or hyperthyroidism were present in 54 patients (6, 3%). Furthermore, 304 patients (36%) were hospitalized one or more times during the last 12 months. Out of the total number of hospitalized patients 104 died (12, 2%) and 699 were dismissed to house care (82, 2%). Data are missing for 47 patients (5, 5%). According to self-estimation of the quality of life, 261 patients were not able of taking care of themselves (30, 7%). Some disturbances in accomplishment of the everyday activities were present in 385 patients (45, 3%). Some pain or discomfort was present in 339 patients (40%). 184 patients suffered of anxiety or depression (21, 6%). Our decompensated cardiopaths are advanced of age (over 70 years) and obese, most of whom had mobility cutbacks. The most frequent trigger factors for HF were anemia and negative inotropic drugs intake. The most frequent co- morbid diseases were diabetes mellitus type 2, kidney failure, COPD and peripheral arteriopathy.

Heart failure; risk factors; co-morbid diseases

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