engleski

Hodočasnici iz Hrvatske na teritoriju Svetog Rimskog Carstva za vrijeme Tridesetogodišnjeg rata

The paper discusses pilgrim medals found in 17th century graves from archaeologically surveyed cemeteries in north-western Croatia. They are evidence of people's mobility in the Modern Age, regardless of the ravages of war in the 17th century. It is known that Croatian soldiers were actively involved in the Thirty Years' War. The question is: were these pilgrim medals brought from pilgrimage sites in the Holy Roman Empire by returning Croatian soldiers? Or are they evidence for some other exceptionally strong form of pilgrimage activity in the 17th century? The paper will consider evidence for the termination or continuation of pilgrimage routes at this time, and the dangers lurking on these routes will also discussed. Based on the number of pilgrim medals that have been found and analyzed so far, it may be concluded that the favourite pilgrimage sites visited by Croats in the 17th century Holy Roman Empire were Mariazell, Altötting, Cologne, Taferl and Einsiedeln. It can be assumed that a pilgrim had to travel eight to ten days from Zagreb to Mariazell and Taferl, and 20 days from Zagreb to Cologne. A journey of ten to twenty days entails substantial financial costs, and this outlay needs to be taken into account when examining the social aspects of pilgrimages. Support mechanisms, such as the benevolence of fraternities existed, however, and with the providence of God, poor people went on pilgrimages too.

pilgrim medals; Thirty Years' War; pilgrimage; pilgrimage routes

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