engleski

The development of private female teacher training institutions in Slovenia.

The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the origins and development of teacher training in private schools in Slovenia. The introduction presents certain dilemmas in the delineation of public and private education, which is fundamentally a problem concerning the relationship between church and state and the defining of their influence on upbringing and education. An 13 important but often neglected element of this issue is that of the private interests of families. Until 1918 Slovenia was part of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy and the development of the legislature was therefore common. The public school system here began to take shape around the end of the 18th century, when alongside the first Austrian primary school legislation from 1774 the training of teachers was also legalised. Although this law and the subsequent law from 1805 demanded that all teachers who wished to teach outwith the public school system successfully complete a so-called teaching course, in other words, hold a state-issued certificate attesting to their pedagogical competence, the church had such far-reaching power in schooling that they felt no need to create their own teacher training institutions. In the year of revolution, 1848, the church was stripped of its dominance in the area of secondary school (classical high) education and with the 1850 Provisorische Gesetz über den Privatunterricht (Provisional Education Act on Private Education), was forced to begin founding its own classical high schools, although primary school education and teacher training remained unchanged. With the act of 1855 the power of the church strengthened further. The transformation began with the acceptance of the liberal 1869 Reichsvolksschulgesetz (State Law on Primary Education), which limited the power of the church in schooling. This law (besides primary schools) legally regulated the setting up and running of private teacher traning institutions. In Slovenia, on the basis of this law, (pre WWI) four state teacher training institutions were created (two for men ; two for women) and three private all-female private teacher training colleges opened, which were run by Catholic nuns. During the Austro-Hungarian reign, the legislation allowed for the setting up of private schools, although they were neither particularly encouraged nor supported. Attitudes to private schools changed after 1929, as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia legislation defined primary schools and teacher training colleges as state schools. The setting up of new private schools was no longer allowed, while existing private schools were able to continue operating although they had to conform to public school legislation. The occupying forces during the second world war withdrew permission for the functioning of private schools, and the post-war socialist government did not allow for their reintroduction. The abstract concludes with some considerations on the overall impact private confessional teacher training had in Slovenia and on the point of reviving this type of tradition.

The Development of Private Female Teacher Training Institutions in Slovenia

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