engleski

St. Mary On Lastre Church In Beram, Istria, Croatia -Multidisciplinary Research, Recommendations For Restoration And Further Maintenance

St. Mary On Lastre Church is a single-nave cemetery church near Beram in the central Istria in Croatia. It was built in the 15th century. The church is known for the most preserved sequence of frescoes in Istria, characterized by vivid colours, motives and composition, which was made by the master Vincent from Kastav's workshop in 1474. The scenes from Mariology and Christological cycle were painted, as well as the saints, Dance of the Dead, First Sin, Wheel of Fortune and Coming of theThree Magi. During the 1709 renovation the old gothic vault was disassembled and new marble altar built, semi- circled windows were cut through the side walls and painted wooden ceiling was renewed. On the front wall the windows were cut through and a portico was added. Thanks to the conservator of Central Commission for the Preservation of National Heritage Sites, Anton Gnirs, in 1912, the church was thoroughly renewed and its sacristy built. Due to the repair of the construction of Saint Mary On Škrilinah's Church, during the last forty years or so, on several occasions geotechnical and constructive research works have been done, as well as repair works on the church, supporting walls and surrounding outside environment. In one phase the church was reinforced from below by concrete, and later it was „secured“ by the small-diameter pilots the collecting and drainage of waste and precipitation water was regulated, the supporting wall was reinforced by the building of a new, additional counterfort wall. Despite all the interventions, further opening of the already repaired cracks and opening of the new ones has been noted. The movement of the stone structure, which lies paralel with the wall, has caused the damage on the pictures. Because of the new damage, a multidisciplinary programme of research work has been set up to ascertain what causes damage. The research tasks comprised of: testing of the characteristics of the soil, monitoring of the movements and temperature during the two-year period, digging up the probing pits to verify the scope of the previous interventions, geodetic measurement of landmarks built onto the church and supporting walls over the two- year period, making of the architectural current state analysis as well as the analysis of the current state of the bearing structure on a three-dimensional model of the building. Extensive two-year long research and analysis have defined multiple causes that lead to damage that had not been entirely eliminated by the previous interventions, therefore, recommendations have been drafted for the overall repair and consolidation that would prevent further advancement of damage. Parallel with geotechnical and constructive research works, restoration works on the frescoes have been conducted. On the basis of the observation of the restoration works on the frescoes during the last hundred years, which was possible due to a detailed documentation of those works, an estimation of their influence on the original images from the 15th century could be made, as well as the recommendations for its further preservation. Despite of the technical solution applicable to further restoration interventions, the ethical approach to the previous restorations is still to be discussed as they are, in this case, a document of the time in which they were implemented.

Beram ; monitoring ; restoration

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