engleski

Influence of climate variations on some physiological and morphological characteristics of winter wheat

Temperature and precipitation regimes are the key factors affecting the agricultural productivity. The impact of climate variations on some physiological and mophological attributes of winter wheat was studied through field experiments conducted at the North- eastern Croatia over three climatic different years (2002, 2003 and 2004, respectively). Concentration of chloroplast pigments and all morphological traits were strongly influenced by climatic conditions. The highest concentration of chloroplast pigments was recorded in 2002, and the lowest value was measured in 2003. The plant height, stem length, number of fertile and sterile spikelet was higher in 2004, and the lowest values were recorded in 2003. Statistically significant differences were found between plant heights and stem length in all investigated years. All physiological parameters were highly significantly correlated, and their dependence is linear and positive. The concentration of chloroplast pigments had highly significant and positive correlations with plant height, stem length, spike length, number of fertile spikelet, number of grains per spike and yield. Very significant, positive correlations were observed between all physiological and morphological parameters of wheat with plant density and yield. Number of seeds per plant was significantly correlated with the concentration of chloroplast pigments and length of spike. The number of fertile spikelet in the spike was significantly correlated with all tested indicators except the number of sterile spikelet, which are significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of chloroplast pigments. In this study very significant correlation was determined between plant density in heading and yield.

climate variations ; winter wheat ; chloroplast pigments ; morphological traits

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