engleski

Variability of glutenin and gliadin loci in winter bread wheat germplasm

Glutenins and gliadins represent 80% of total wheat kernel proteins. Combination of high molecular weight subunits of glutenins (HMW GS) and ω-gliadins are highly important for quality of winter bread wheat. Both types of proteins are controlled by several different loci and allelic variations on different loci highly influence wheat flour quality. HMW GS are controlled with three loci Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 while ω-gliadins are controlled by loci Gli-A1, Gli-B1 and Gli-D1. HMW GS and ω- gliadins loci were used for variability estimation in 50 varieties of winter bread wheat. For glutenins number of alleles per loci ranged from 3 at Glu-A1 to 5 at Glu-B1 and Glu- D1, the average number of alleles was 4.33. The highest genetic diversity was found at loci Glu-B1 (He=0.687). For ω-gliadins number of alleles per loci was from 3 (Gli-D1) to 7 (Gli- B1), high genetic diversity (He = 0, 557) were estimated at loci Gli-B1, while significantly lower genetic diversity was estimated at loci Gli-D1 (He = 0, 114). Results from this study allow further development of specific breeding programs for high winter wheat quality.

winter bread wheat ; glutenins ; ω-gliadins ; variability

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