engleski

Recent population mobility in Croatia - causes and consequences

Croatia (population: 4.28 million) is a traditional emigrational country where intensive emigration has been present for over a century. However, we can distinguish several emigration waves from Croatia. In late 19th and early 20th century most of the emigrants went overseas, in the United States. In the interwar period, the emigration waves were oriented toward South America, Australia and European countries. After the WWII the most significant emigration waves were oriented toward the neighbouring countries (primarily Italy), and then to the highly developed European countries (mostly for economic and political reasons). In late 20th century, the emigration has been related to the Homeland War, which caused mass population movement. In the first decade of the 21st century, the influence of the economic crisis on emigration is evident. From 1880 to 2011, approximately 2.5 million people emigrated from Croatia. Such intensive emigration has had extremely negative effects on population development in Croatia, natural population change, fertility and biological structure. Today, Croatia is faced with depopulation and it is still to be seen how the accession to the EU in July this year will affect population movements, i.e. will the immigration to EU member states increase due to better job opportunities and present unfavourable economic situation in Croatia.

Population mobility; Croatia; emigration

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