engleski

The PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism is associated with increased insulin sensitivity and lower BMI in patients with PCOS

Insulin resistance is one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) plays a role in the regulation of insulin sensitivity. The aim of the present study was to establish a possible association of the PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism with PCOS, and its influence on family and personal history as well as on metabolic and endocrine parameters in the PCOS patients. A total of 151 PCOS patients and 179 healthy women of reproductive age were enroled. Family and personal history, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and phenotypic hyperandrogenism were recorded. Hormonal, metabolic and biochemical profiles were measured. Molecular analysis for the genetic polymorphism was preformed. One third (29.8%) of PCOS patients were carriers of at least one variant Ala allele (X/Ala), while 70.2% carried two wild-type Pro alleles (Pro/Pro), with equal distribution found in the control group. The PCOS patients carrying the X/Ala alleles had lower serum fasting insulin levels, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and BMI compared to Pro/Pro carriers. This finding was significant only in the lean PCOS group. The polymorphic genotype had no influence on family and personal history, hormonal and clinical hyperandrogenism as well as on lipid status, C-reactive protein (CRP), leptin, adiponectin, resistin and ghrelin serum levels in women with PCOS. In conclusion, although the PPARG Pro12Ala polymorphism is not a major determinant of PCOS in the Croatian population, it has a positive effect on insulin sensitivity and BMI. As these associations were recorded exclusively in the lean group of patients with PCOS, this polymorphism potentially contributes to a protective role against hyperinsulinemia and obesity.

peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma; polymorphism; polycystic ovary syndrome; glucose metabolism; reproductive hormones

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