engleski

Traits of wheat varieties created in the last 100 years

In Osijek (eastern Croatia) during the three years experiments were set up, with 25 wheat varieties developed in the last 100 years from Croatia, Italy, Romania, France and Russia. After harvest we determined differences in selected traits. The sum of precipitation in growing season during 2008/09, 2009/10 and 2010/11 were 368.6 mm, 846.6 mm and 500.4mm. Grain yield, plant height, heading date, 1000 kernel weight, test weight and protein content were analyzed. Highly significant differences between varieties and years were revealed for the traits. The highest grain yield had varieties Katarina, Alka and Renata. Alka and Katarina had yields in average 15% higher compared with Slavonia (Saray Bosna, Brasilia), 18% higher than Dropia and Flamura 85, 30% higher than Bezostaja 1 and about 54% higher than Sirban Prolifik and U1. In both dry years the highest grain yield had varieties Alka, Katarina, Renata and Lucija. In a rainy year, all varieties had significantly lower grain yields, lower 1000 kernel weight and test weight, but higher protein content, and the highest grain yield had varieties Demetra, Katarina, Dropia, Zitarka and Alka. The lowest grain yield in all three years of research had varieties U1 (introduced in the production in 1936), Sirban Prolifik (introduced in the production in 1905) and Dubrava (recognized in1968). The oldest varieties Sirban Prolifik and U1 were 130-140 cm high, 7-14 days later in heading date with significantly higher protein content (not god quality of gluten) than varieties developed in the last twenty years.

wheat; varieties; traits; years

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