engleski

Grain yield and quality of OS-winter wheat cultivars

Cultivars of winter wheat of Agricultural Institute Osijek participate in the last six years with 55-65 % in the planting structure of Republic of Croatia. At the basis of results from six years microtrials at the Agricultural Institute Osijek grain yield, thousand weight kernels and hectolitre weight of the most important OS-cultivars Žitarka, Ana, Demetra, Srpanjka, Barbara, Super Žitarka, Kata, Golubica and Klara have been analysed. From the quality traits important for wheat processors the following parameters have been analysed: % of proteins, sedimentation value of wheat flour (ml), gluten index, falling number (FN), and rheological traits determined by pharinograph and extensograph. The analysis of traits important for wheat processors showed that the above-mentioned OS-cultivars are characterized by high averaged grain yields (particularly Ana, Demetra and Super Žitarka - from 7, 5 to 10 % higher in comparison with Žitarka) and high averaged hectolitre weight (particularly Super Žitarka, Barbara, Žitarka, Kata and Golubica-from 82, 2 to 83, 5 kg/hl). The greatest thousand weight kernels have cultivars Super Žitarka, Barbara and Kata (from 44, 2 to 45, 2 g). Analysis of some traits important for wheat processors showed that with high averaged content of wet gluten emphasize cultivars Golubica, Kata, Barbara and Žitarka (from 32, 5 to 36, 2 %) . All analysed cultivars in average have sedimenation value of wheat flour from 40 ml. Grain protein content is from 12, 2 for cultivar Ana to 14 % for cultivar Golubica. By gluten index OS-cultivars are in the group of bread wheats (60-90) and improverers (>90). Special feature of OS-cultivars is the power of water absorption (from 59, 4 for cultivar Ana to 65, 2 % for cultivars Barbara and Klara). In average, OS-commercial cultivars are from B2 to A1 quality pharinographic group. By resistance and extensibility , and their ratio we can deem them as a good bread wheats. In average years at Osijek location all OS-cultivars have falling number greater from 200.

grain yield; grain quality; winter wheat cultivars

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