engleski

Genetic improvement and diversity of Croatian flue- cured tobacco cultivars released from 1973-2007

In Croatia, tobacco is produced on about 5000 ha annually with total yield of about 12 000-14 000 tones. It is the crop in Croatian agriculture which production involves a large number of households and employs a large number of seasonal workers. Regarding yield, quality and production costs, Croatian flue cured tobacco is competitive on the world level and majority of it is exported. For producers, total annual income from tobacco production averages about 25 million €. Success in the tobacco production depends on cultivar and production measures. In Croatia, domestic cultivars have been grown. First of the cultivars was released in 1973. Since that time the breeding aim has been the improvement of genetic basis of yield and other traits in new tobacco cultivars. In this research, Croatian flue-cured tobacco cultivars were studied to determine the genetic improvement of the important tobacco traits from 1973 to 2007, and to asses the genetic diversity among the studied cultivars by AFLP markers. Field trials of this study were conducted at three locations (Kutjevo, Virovitica and Valpovo) during three years (from 2005 to 2007). Experiments were set up as RCBD, with nine Croatian flue-cured tobacco cultivars grown in Croatia from 1973 to 2007 and one USA flue-cured tobacco cultivar as check. Regression analysis of agronomic traits over time showed significant annual increase in yield of 17.24 kg ha-1, price of 0.035 € kg-1, and value of 321.16 € ha-1, due to genetic improvement of new cultivars. Genetic diversity among the studied cultivars was low. The cluster analysis grouped the cultivars in accordance to their pedigrees.

flue-cured tobacco

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