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Sand control in well construction and operation

Produced sand causes a lot of problems. From those reasons sand production must be monitored and kept within acceptable limits. Sand control problems in wells result from improper completion techniques or changes in reservoir properties. The idea is to provide support to the formation to prevent movement under stresses resulting from fluid flow from reservoir to well bore. That means that sand control often results with reduced well production. Control of sand production is achieved by: reducing drag forces (the cheapest and most effective method), mechanical sand bridging (screens, gravel packs) and increasing of formation strength (chemical consolidation). For open hole completions or with un-cemented slotted liners/screens sand failure will occur and must be predicted. Frac-and-pack combines the stimulation advantages of hydraulic fracturing with the most effective techniques available for sand control in poorly consolidated, high-permeability formations

Formation sand ; sand control ; frac-and-pack ; fluids ; equipment

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