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Inventory and status of persistent organic pollutants-pesticides in Croatia

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which include some pesticides are very important environment pollutants. Their harmful impact is mainly consisted of their air transmission, resistance to chemical-, photo- and bio-degradation and possibility of their accumulation in fat tissue of all living organisms. From the POPs group of chemicals commonly used were preparations based on twelve active ingredients: hexachlorobenzene (HCB), camphechlor (toxaphen), endrin, aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), DDT, lindan, hexachlorobutadiene, mirex and dicofol. Because of their high efficacy in the middle of 20th Century their consumption was very high. In the meantime their negative impacts appeared and their harmfulness becomes well known. Due to mentioned 12 pesticide active ingredients were covered with Stockholm Convention in order to restrict or eliminate their production. As a result gradual prohibition of their usage started from 1972 (aldrin, dieldrin, hexachlorocyclohexane, DDT) and ended in 2001. with prohibition of lindan and dicofol usage. Up to date all of them are banned from production and application and no stockpiles are detected in Croatia. In the period of their commonly usage production of POP's pesticides in Croatia was mainly based as supplement to some fertilizers (aldrin). Today there are no need for their production, since all preparations based on POPs are now substituted with numerous toxicologically much more favorable active ingredients. Also there is no import and export of POPs in Croatia, with exception for some institutions which have import permission for small quantities used as laboratory standards for determination of residual POPs pesticides. Today in Croatia residues of POP's pesticides are monitored only in water with pronounced need for adequately equipped laboratories and trained stuff for their monitoring in vegetable, animal, water, soil and human biomaterial.

pesticides; persistent organic pollutants; Croatia

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