engleski

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in grapevines and neighbouring weeds

The growth of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is highly dependent on the presence of endosymbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The formation of grapevine mycorrhizal networks may be influenced by neighbouring plants that can have beneficial or inhibitory effects on the development and diversity of AMF. Grapevine and three selected weed species from Mediterranean Croatian vineyards (Plantago lanceolata L., Taraxacum officinale L. and Trifolium repens L.) were examined in a pot culture experiment to investigate whether different AMF species associate with the grapevine and vineyard weeds and to what extent these plant species develop arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses under uniform conditions. The same mycorrhizal inoculum was used for all hosts - a homogenized native vineyard soil. After six-month period the results showed that four host plants promoted AMF development to the similar degree in the terms of sporal abundance and intraradical colonization extent. On the other hand, herbaceous weed species promoted a different set of dominant AMF species compared to grapevine. The greatest number of AMF sequences was found in grapevine and these were all representatives of Glomus group A. The majority of Glomus A group sequences showed similarity to G. sinuosum, G. fasciculatum and G. intraradices, the cosmopolitan fungi in many ecosystems. However, other plant species hosted more diverse AMF communities. Thus in T. officinale roots representatives of Glomus groups A and B were discovered and in roots of P. lanceolata fungi of Glomus groups A and C were found. This indicates the value of encouraging host plant diversity as a cover crop in vineyards as a potential AMF propagules’ source for the grapevine. The sequences obtained in this study are the first data on native AMF species in Croatian vineyards and only a preview of expected AMF biodiversity.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Grapevine; Neighbours; Diversity

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