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Detailed mechanism of the autoxidation of N-hydroxyurea catalyzed by a superoxide dismutase mimic Mn(III) porphyrin: formation of the nitrosylated Mn(II) porphyrin as an intermediate

The in vitro autoxidation of N-hydroxyurea (HU) is catalyzed by MnIIITTEG-2-PyP5+, a synthetic water soluble Mn(III) porphyrin which is also a potent mimic of the enzyme superoxide dismutase. The detailed mechanism of the reaction is deduced from kinetic studies under basic conditions mostly based on data measured at pH = 11.7 but also including some pH-dependent observations in the pH range 9–13. The major intermediates were identified by UV-vis spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The reaction starts with a fast axial coordination of HU to the metal center of MnIIITTEG-2-PyP5+, which is followed by a ligand-to-metal electron transfer to get MnIITTEG-2-PyP4+ and the free radical derived from HU (HU˙). Nitric oxide (NO) and nitroxyl (HNO) are minor intermediates. The major pathway for the formation of the most significant intermediate, the {; ; ; ; MnNO}; ; ; ; complex of MnIITTEG-2-PyP4+, is the reaction of MnIITTEG-2-PyP4+ with NO. We have confirmed that the autoxidation of the intermediates opens alternative reaction channels, and the process finally yields NO2− and the initial MnIIITTEG-2-PyP5+. The photochemical release of NO from the {; ; ; ; MnNO}; ; ; ; intermediate was also studied. Kinetic simulations were performed to validate the deduced rate constants. The investigated reaction has medical implications: the accelerated production of NO and HNO from HU may be utilized for therapeutic purposes.

hydroxyurea ; Mn porphyrin ; kinetics ; mechanism

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