engleski

IMPORTANCE OF DETECTION DEFECTIVE COLOR VISION IN PROFESSIONAL TRAFFIC – SEA NAVIGATION (MERCHANT NAVY)

Color vision called the normal thrichromatism has a great importance in modern life on a professional level, especially in traffic, as well as artistic and personal level of each individual. Color vision disorders may be congenital and acquired. Congenital disorders of color vision are excesses in the retinal receptors, and in transport mechanism of vision pathways, while acquired depend on the etiopathogenesis of certain ocular diseases associated with retinal disease, macula and optic nerve. Congenital anomalies of color vision are often present in both eyes in similar anomal quotient (Aq) and show no tendency towards progression. They are recessive and related to gender and more common in male population. Congenital and acquired disorders of color vision are called dyscromatism, and persons with impaired color vision are often called Daltons named after the English physicist John Dalton who was also protanop. The main disorders of color vision are: discromatism, anomalous thrichromatism achromatopsia or monochromatism. Several diagnostic methods and tests are available for discromatopsy diagnosis. Variety of methods and diagnostic tests improve detection of discromatopsy, by selecting the correct tests, work dynamic - modus operandi and by exact interpretation of the results for each individual discromatopsy. The results of our research carried out on the Croatian national level are: 8.5% discromatopsy, out of which 2.4% dichromate (1.3% protanopa, deuteranopa 0.9%) and 6.1% anomalous trichromats (protanomals 1.3%, deuteranomals 4.2%, 0.2% protanomals extreme and extreme deuteranomals 0, 4%). The percentage of congenital discromatopsy in Croatia is similar to the European average of 8.0%.

dyscromatism. color vision. sense of color. color blindness.

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