engleski

Methods of Detecting the Underground Infrastructure Objects

The utility cadastre records the following data about: electricity grid, water supply, gas pipeline system, telecommunication system, heating system, sewers system and oil pipeline system laid on the ground, under the ground, under the sea and under the water. There are also specific data about the objects connected with each individual line entered into the records. The paper describes visual and tracking methods of detecting the objects of underground structure. The tracking methods are divided into the following categories: • Electromagnetic Techniques – Fixed Frequency Electromagnetic (EM) Profiling, Time Domain Electromagnetic Sounding (TDEM), Time Domain Electromagnetic Profiling, Very Low Frequency (VLF) Surveys, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Profiling, Controlled Source Audiomagneto Tellurics (CSAMT) • Electrical Techniques – 1D Resistivity Sounding, Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI), Electrokinetic Sounding (EKS), Time Domain Induced Polarization (TDIP), Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP), Spontaneous (Self) Potential, Geomembrane Leak Location Surveys (GLLS) • Seismic Techniques – Seismic Refraction Profiling, Seismic Reflection Profiling, Continuous Surface- Wave System (CSWS), Downhole Seismic Surveys, Crosshole Seismic Surveys, Crosshole Seismic Tomography • Potential Field Techniques – Magnetic Profiling, Microgravity Profiling • Radioactive Techniques – Radiometric Surveys • Combined methods – Electrically- Electromagnetic method.

utility cadastre ; plant cadastre ; utility lines ; methods of tracking the underground lines

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