engleski

A comparison of coincident stereo recording techniques based on the width of the reproduced stereo image

Several XY and MS stereo techniques were compared based on phantom image localization with an emphasis on the width of the stereo image. Crossed cardioids angled at 90, 110, 135 and 180 degrees, as well as the Blumlein pair, were chosen to represent the XY stereo technique. MS techniques with an omnidirectional, a figure-of-eight and a cardioid microphone as the M microphone and a figure-of-eight microphone as the S microphone were also investigated. Five loudspeakers lying on a circular arc at 0, ±22.5 and ±45 degrees off axis were used as sound sources. Two different test signals, an octave band noise centred at 1 kHz and two consecutive hand claps as a form of a transient signal, were reproduced on each of the loudspeakers and recorded using all of the investigated techniques. These recordings were then reproduced in a standard stereo listening setup to 30 listeners who evaluated the position of a virtual sound source in the overall stereo image. A control set of signals was included in the listening tests, with the virtual source positions obtained by manually creating level differences between two channels fed with the same mono signal. The same test signals as before were used as the starting mono signals. Listening test results were compared to a simple theoretical model and the findings regarding the behaviour of the stereo image depending on the type of the signal were discussed. Test results obtained with recorded signals were compared to the ones obtained with artificially created control signals.

coincident stereo recording; width of stereo image

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