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Katolička crkva u Jugoslaviji između dva svjetska rata (CROSBI ID 46046)

Prilog u knjizi | izvorni znanstveni rad

Krišto, Jure Katolička crkva u Jugoslaviji između dva svjetska rata // Santa Sede ed Europa centroorientale tra le due guerre mondiali. La questione cattolica in Jugoslavia e in Cecoslovacchia / 2. Massimiliano Valente (ur.). Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino Editore, 2011. str. 177-196

Podaci o odgovornosti

Krišto, Jure

engleski

Katolička crkva u Jugoslaviji između dva svjetska rata

In 1918, Croatian Catholics entered the newly created Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes ideologically divided. Smaller group founded Croatian People's Party (Hrvatska pučka stranka - HPS), popularly known as pučkaši. The majority of Catholics, however, adhered to Stjepan Radić's Croatian Peasant Party (Hrvatska seljačka stranka - HSS). The dividing line went along ideological cleavage. The "Pučkaši" adhered to a form of Yugoslav ideology and advocated an autonomist organization of the State. "Peasants, " on the other hand, followed Radić's ideas of republicanism, i.e., advocated a federal state system. The responsibility for the division was partly on Antun Mahnić, the bishop of the island of Krk, who militated against ideas and groups perceived as innimical to the Church and who organized Catholic youth in the Catholic Movement. At first, Mahnić's followers adhered to a Croatian nationalism in the tradition of Ante Starčević and his successor Josip Frank. Beginning in 1910, however, especially after the creation of the club of Seniorates, they accepted the form of nationalism set on the program of creation of a Yugoslav nation. As soon as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes was founded, organized Catholics, led by Petar Rogulja, worked hard on organizing the first "Catholic" political party, the Croatian Peopel's Party (Hrvatska pučka stranka – HPS). However, as early as 1920, the segments of organized Croatian Catholics which disagreed with Yugoslav ideology and the role that the pro-Yugoslav Seniorate reserved for the Catholic Movement as a whole, began to organize themeselves. They introduced the Eagle Movement (Orlovstvo), a society for young men and women held together by group exercises, fancy outfits, and feeling of togetherness. A new element, which heightened divisions among Croatian organized Catholics, was the introduction in 1920 of the Catholic Action, a movement of apostolate of Catholic laity under the leadership and in service of Church hierarchy. The Eagle Society promtly adopted the program of the Catholic Action as its own and began accusing Catholics in the opposite camp of being opposed to the intention of the Holy See and of the Croatian Catholic episcopate. Croatian Catholic organizations pretended to be united until 1925, when the Eagles decided to go their separate way. The decisive moment was the Congress of the Croatian Eagles' Association, held on island of Krapanj near Šibenik on August 9, 1925. The polemics between the opposing groups often revolved around the issue what is the genuine meaning of Catholic Action and which branch of the Catholic Movement is its more authentic reflection. In reality, however, the issue was which fraction will claim the leadership role in the movement of Catholic laity. In 1929, King Alexander I Karađorđević imposed the dictatorship. All Croatian organizations and political parties were banned. Both camps of Croatian Catholics found ways to find cracks in the dictatorship and to continue their activities, but they also continued their divergent ideological positions. The Seniorate began publishing Catholic weekly Hrvatska straža (Croatian Sentinell). The editors also continued Yugoslav ideology in the weekly, but in the atmosphere of the dictatorship under the guise of the Cyrillo-Methodian idea of unification of the Churches. Croatian Eagles, on the other hand, grouped around a new name Križari (Crusaders). They also published a weekly, Nedjelja (Sunday), and continued to claim to be exclusively religious association, working for the aims of the Catholic Action. Wanting to emphasize the religious aspect of their engagement, Eagles expressed their aims in anew slogan: "Sacrifice, Eucharist, Apostolate". The division in Catholic intellectual circles continued until new ideologies and political movements (Fascism, Nazism, Communism, Masonery, Jews, etc.) were not recognized as common ennemies. Nonetheless, Croatian Catholics entered the World War II and the creation of the Independent State of Croatia divided.

Church, Yugoslavia, persecution, politics

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Podaci o prilogu

177-196.

objavljeno

Podaci o knjizi

Santa Sede ed Europa centroorientale tra le due guerre mondiali. La questione cattolica in Jugoslavia e in Cecoslovacchia

2. Massimiliano Valente

Soveria Mannelli: Rubbettino Editore

2011.

978-88-498-2928-0

Povezanost rada

Povijest