engleski

OBESITY CONCURRENTLY INFLUENCES EFFECTS OF BIRTH WEIGHT ON BLOOD PRESSURE VALUES IN YOUNG MEN

Objective: Subjects with low birth weight and those born small for gestational age (SGA) have higher risk for hypertension, kidney disease and cardiovascular events as adults. Arterial stiffness (AS) is a marker of vascular ageing. Our aim was to analyse whether birth weight (BW) determines AS in young men. Design and Method: Normotensive non-treated, healthy adult men (n = 159 ; age 21.27 ± 0.9 years) were enrolled. Birth parameters were obtained from medical records. SGA was defined as BW under 10th percentile for gestational age and obesity as body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2. Subjects were divided into the four groups: non-obese with normal BW (N = 55), obese with normal BW (N = 43), non-obese SGA (N = 40), obese SGA (N = 21). Blood pressure (BP) was measured with oscillometric device following ESH guidelines while aortic BP (SBPAO) and AS markers (pulse wave velocity (PWV), brachial and aortic augmentation index (AIxBR, AIxAO)) were determined using Arteriograph. Results: Overall, SGA subjects had higher brachial systolic BP (SBP) (p = 0.021) and HR (p = 0.003) values than those born with normal BW. However, there were no differences in PWV, AIxBR, AIxAO and SBPAO between subjects with SGA and normal BW(p > 0.05). When subjects were further divided according to the BMI, we found that SBP was the highest in obese SGA subjects (p = 0.035). Obese SGA had higher SBPAO and PP values than non-obese SGA (p = 0.017 ; p = 0.036, respectively) and non-obese subjects with normal BW (p = 0.027 ; p = 0.001, respectively). There were no significant correlations between BMI and AS markers in all subgroups. Conclusion: In young men, birth weight influences brachial SBP and HR, but according to our results it does not increase arterial stiffness determined with this technique. It might be concluded that higher values of SBP and HR observed in this group could be rather markers of hyperkinetic circulation than consequences of early vascular ageing. Obesity additionally affects BP values increasing even central SBP. SGA subjects should be informed about importance of life-style changes and monitored very closely.

birth weight; blood pressure

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