engleski

Genotype and Environmental Effects on Cadmium Concentration in Maize

Seven parents and their 21 F1 diallel crosses of maize were grown under field conditions in the 2001 and 2002 growing seasons on two soils mutually air-distanced 800 m (B1 = fluvisol and B2 = stagnic albeluvisol ; pH in KCl = 7.02 and 3.85, humus = 2.75 and 2.02, CaCO3 = 11.4% and 0, for B1 and B2, respectively). Also, the B1 and B2 were differently in NH4Acetate-EDTA soluble fraction (mg•kg-1: calcium 25, 500 and 2, 300 ; zinc 1.61 and 0.53 ; cadmium 0.195 and 0.064, respectively). The experiments were conducted in four replicates (the basic plot 16.8 m2) in a randomized complete block design. The ear-leaf was taken at the beginning of silking and grain samples at maturity. Mean leaf-Cd (mg Cd•kg-1 in dry matter) were 0.102 and 0.072, for 2001 and 2002 ; 0.064 and 0.195, for B1 and B2, while differences at the genotype level were from 0.040 to 0.581 (the parents) and from 0.046 to 0.171 (the hybrids). Six hybrids of Bc707-1 had considerably higher leaf-Cd in comparison with six hybrids of Bc265-1 (means 0.100 and 0.050 respectively). Grain-Cd was below detection level (< 0.040) with exception of Bc707-1 parent on the B2 soil (0.17 mg Cd•kg-1).

Cadmium; Genotype; Grain; Leaf; Maize; Soil effects; Year effects.

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