engleski

Botulinum toxin's axonal transport from periphery to the spinal cord

Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is widely used as a treatment for various types of muscular hyperactivity disorders like focal dystonias and spasticity, presumably due to its neuromuscular blocking properties exerted by peripheral synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) cleavage. However, recently, retrograde axonal transport of BTX-A has been demonstrated by immunohistochemistry (Antonucci et al., 2009, Matak et al., 2011) and behavioral experiments (Bach-Rojecky & Lacković, 2009). In this study we employed BTX-A-cleaved SNAP-25 immunohistochemistry of spinal cord motor neurons after peripheral intramuscular, subcutaneous or intraneural BTX-A (hind-limb or sciatic nerve) injections. We demonstrate the cleavage of central SNAP-25 in ipsilateral spinal cord ventral horns and dorsal horns after single peripheral BTX-A administration, even at low peripheral dose applied (5 U/kg). These results extend the recent findings on BTX-A retrograde axonal transport in facial and trigeminal nerve. Study with low-dose BTX-A suggest that the axonal transport of BTX-A occurs commonly following peripheral application.

botulinum toxin; axonal transport; spinal cord

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