engleski

Association of inflammation and IL-6 polymorphism with prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer

Aim Prostate cancer (PC) is most common cancer in men and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is condition affecting majority of elder men with great impact on everyday life. Both genetic and environmental factors are involved in development of PC. Epidemiological studies have shown that inflammation, toxins, hormonal changes or trauma are risk factors of PC, suggesting that chronic inflammation can lead to PC. IL-6 is a cytokine expressed in inflammation processes. Polymorphisms in gene for IL-6 are responsible for different production of IL-6. Aim of our prospective study was to analyze correlation of inflammation and IL- 6 high producer (GG or GC genotype) with presentation and symptoms of PC and BPH. Methods 120 PC and 120 BPH patients, age matched groups, were included after giving informed consent. In all patients history was taken and urological exam was done before biopsy was performed. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and genotype polymorphism was assessed by real-time PCR. Results PC in family history was more common in PC group (8, 3% vs. 5.8%, p=0.169), prostate were larger in BPH group (76 ccm vs. 51 ccm, p=0.0001) and inflammation on histology was more common in BPH group (91.3% vs. 49.1%, p=0.001). There was no difference in mean IPSS score between groups (14 vs. 13, p=0.488). High producer genotype (GG or GC) of IL-6 was present in 86.7% of BPH patients and 80.8% of PC patients (p=0.147) and there was uniform distribution of high producers between PC groups (by differentiation, p=0.601). There was no difference in high producer genotype in patients with or without inflammation on histology in both groups (p=0.209 and p=0.300), but high producers are more common in BPH then in PC patients with inflammation (87, 3% vs. 77.6%, p=0.09). High producer genotype is evenly distributed when prostate size was accounted (volume <40, 41-80, >81 ccm) in BPH group, but more high producers are noted in larger prostates of PC patients (73%, 79%, 85%). However, this difference is not significant when prostate of same size are compared between groups. Discussion We found no difference in IL- 6 producers between PC and BPH patients in our population. Inflammation is more common in BPH and ratio of IL-6 high producers is much higher in BPH patients with inflammation, suggesting limited role in PC. Higher ratio of high producers in patients with larger prostate can be explained with higher growth promotion by mediators of inflammation. Although some studies have not found a positive role of high producer IL-6 in PC development, contradictory results of published results have lead to proposed explanation of ethnic differences in IL-6 producers and effect on population.

IL-6 ; inflammation ; polymorphism ; prostate cancer

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