engleski

Criteria for design and stability control in underground production of natural stone

Dimension stone mining has some significant differences in designing and ore reserve estimating in comparison with classical mines or quarries. Exploitation methods are based on the parallelepiped shaped final product – block of stone. Room and irregular pillar mining method for dimension stone purposes is most suitable. The basic problem is the stability problem of the rock, relating to width and height of underground rooms. On the other hand, economy of exploitation demands for minimum artificial roof support. The stability problem requires adequate studies and stability checks in order to minimize expensive artificial support, and improve safety in working spaces. Dimension stone exploitation is based on several special types of machines like diamond wires and chain saws. Adding the classical mining equipment, like loaders drill machines and similar, is creating the new specialized technological schemas for the exploitation. One of these exploitation schemes will be presented. These aspects are dominant in the region of the Istrian peninsula in Croatia, which is very well known for nature protection and tourism. In Istria in the underground quarry "Kanfanar" the investigation was carried out, consisting of laboratory investigation, numerical modeling and in situ data collection. The “Kanfanar” quarry has sedimentary origin, with stratified limestone, and only a few layers have commercial value. The analysis of room stability and pillar design was made by means of numerical modeling. The numerical models were created according to the available geological data and laboratory determination of mechanical characteristics of intact rocks and discontinuities.

Mining; Dimension Stone; Underground Production; Design; Stability

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