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Chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with newly diagnosed celiac and Crohn’s disease

The aims of this research were to determine the number of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes and to determine the number of circulating lymphocytes with CD103, integrin expressed on intraepithelial lymphocytes, in patients with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease, celiac disease and healthy controls. In the 30 months study period we included 44 patients ; 19 patients with newly diagnosed celiac disease ; 13 patients with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease before any treatment was initiated and 12 healthy controls. Chromosome aberrations were analyzed in peripheral blood lymphocytes by a single cytogeneticist. For each subject 100 metaphases were analyzed for chromosome-type and chromatid-type aberrations. Multicolor flow cytometric immunophenotyping was used to enumerate CD103 expressing total T cells (CD3+), helper T cells (CD3+CD4+) and cytotoxic T cells (CD3+CD8+). We found significantly higher number of chromosomal aberrations/100 metaphases in celiac disease and Crohn’s disease group comparing to controls (p=0.01). Similarly, patients in celiac disease group and Crohn’s disease group had significantly higher number of aberrant cells comparing to controls (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between groups in regards to percentage of CD103+ and CD8+103+ cells between groups (p=0.16, p=0.41 ; respectively) and no correlation between total number of chromosomal aberrations and percentage of CD103+ and CD8+103+ cells (p=0.06, p=0.06 ; respectively). Patients with active celiac disease and newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease, before treatment initiation, have significantly increased number of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes. No dissemination of intraepithelial cells in the blood and correlation to the chromosomal aberration was found.

celiac disease; Crohn’s disease; chromosomal aberrations; intraepithelial lymphocytes; children

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