engleski

Step-by-step adoption of adaptable soil tillage in Central Europe

In the last centuries, the need for tillage was to provide suitable soil conditions for plant growth (crop-focusing tillage). During the last decades, traditional goals of soil tillage have really been improved considering environmental consequences (environment-focusing tillage). In the next decade a new task is stressed, that is mitigating the climate induced losses (climate-focusing tillage). New challenges for the future is to reduce climate induced damages by the use of environmentally-sound adaptable tillage. The relationship between soil quality factors and climate effects have been studied in parallel in Croatia, in Czech Republic and in Hungary in long term tillage experiments and by field monitoring. In the environmentally-sound tillage challenge ten important steps are suggested for this region, namely: 1) Awareness of the state of the soil to draw conclusions concerning the likely damage. 2) Preventing the development of compact layers impeding water transport. 3) Eliminating the compact layer in the soil with the aid of a suitable tillage technique. 4) Creating small surface at any time of the season, without compaction stress. 5) Covering the surface with crushed stubble residues to protect soil and moisture. 6) Preserving the soil organic C is crucial at any type of tillage. 7) Protecting the soil structure. 8) Adapting the primary tillage to the soil state improvement. 9) Causing smaller stress in over wet or dry soils. 10) Maintaining the soil’s capacity to take in and to store water in irrigated soils.

soil; climate; water; conservation tillage

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