engleski

Ultrasound diagnostics of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases

Enormous technical improvement of ultrasound (US) during the past two decades with the development of many new specialized techniques extended its possibilities in the diagnostics of hepato-biliary and pancreatic diseases. However, diagnostic US is facing competition from other imaging techniques, such as CT or MRI. Although the results of these procedures are superior to those of US in some abdominal applications, in others different US techniques are without competition, as in the detection of gall-stones, biliary obstruction, choledochal lithiasis and pancreatic tumours (endoscopic US). US is an irreplaceable method in diagnostics of liver diseases, from diffuse lesions such as steatosis or cirrhosis to focal ones such as nodular hyperplasia, cysts, abscesses, benign or malignant primary or secondary tumours. It is widely used in diagnosing cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, biliary obstruction, tumours and malformations of gall-bladder and bile ducts. It is important in the detection and assessment of evolution of acute pancreatitis, pseudocysts, tumours and chronic pancreatitis, although it is not too accurate for the last diagnoses. Still, the quality of ultrasonographic imagery now available is such that in most diseases of the pancreas the diagnose is made with great reliability. Because ultrasonography is a relatively simple, noninvasive, painless and fast way to examine these organs that delivers no ionizing radiation, it remains the first imaging method used, which determines further diagnostic and therapeutic management of the patient.

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