engleski

Contribution of Wheat Breeding to Increased Yields in Croatia from 1954. to 1985. Year

Wheat breeding and improvement of agronomic practice are main reasons for the increasing trend of wheat grain yields in Croatia. The objective of this study was to estimate breeding progress in grain yield and related changes for some wheat cultivar characteristics. Seven winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.em.Thell) released between 1954. and 1985. in Croatia were evaluated in experiments during 1994. and 1995. year at one location. Estimated genetic gain in grain yield for 1954.-1985. period was 54,35 kg ha-1 y-1 or 0,875 % yearly, and relative genetic gain was 30,65 kg ha-1 y-1 or 0,44 % yearly. Linear regression of cultivar means on year of release showed increase of 41,99 kg ha-1 y-1 or 0,6 % yearly. Linear regression between year of production and averaged grain yield was 89,1 kg ha-1 yearly. These estimates indicate that wheat breeding has contributed 47,1 % of total increase in grain yield in Croatia in period 1954. to 1985. year.

winter wheat; grain yield; genetic gain; breeding progress

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