engleski

Passive Solar House in Croatia

Passive solar house covers its energy requirements, partially or completely, utilizing solar energy, by means of active and passive systems. In spite of great advantages that a passive solar house offers, only a few of them have been built in Croatia ever since. Heat losses and heat gains calculations have been made to estimate the necessary thickness of thermal insulation as a function of window surface size, weather data and solar irradiation for several locations in the coastal and continental area of Croatia. The household demands for thermal and electrical energy are implemented in the calculations in order to determine the necessary size of solar conversion systems: collectors and PV cells. It has been concluded that passive house standards are met with 20 to 35 cm of thermal insulation in the coastal area and islands, whilst the insulation has to be as large as 40 to 60 cm in continental and mountain regions of Croatia. It has been determined that just 5 to 7 m2 of solar collectors could provide most of the necessary energy for water heating. However, to ensure most of the electricity for household appliances, 40 to 90 m2 of PV cells should be installed on a passive house. Enlarging the solar collector area to about 10 m2 and providing a heat storage tank, considerable fractions of space heating energy demands could be supplied by appropriate solar combisystems. A combisystem with 9 m2 of solar collectors and a small ambient air-to-water heat pump could supply 80% of the annual heating energy demand and save 47% of the primary energy in a passive house in the City of Rijeka.

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