engleski

Gangliosides of Selected Adult and Fetal Human Brain Regions : Composition and Structure Analysis

As glycosphingolipid group, gangliosides (GG) are characterized by a sialylated carbohydrate chain attached to a ceramide moiety. These primarily plasma-membrane molecules are expressed as cell surface antigens and are highly abundant in mammalian brain tissues. They participate in cell signaling, adhesion, growth, differentiation, apoptosis etc. Since the amount and expression patterns of gangliosides specifically change during brain development, maturation, aging and due to diseases, they are considered as neurodevelopmental and pathobiochemical biomarkers. We present data of comparative composition and structure analysis of native GG mixtures and fractions of two functionally defined regions of human brain: the precentral gyrus (the primary motor cortex location) and the postcentral gyrus (the primary somatosensory cortex location) of adult brain and neocortical regions corresponding to prospective precentral and postcentral gyrus of fetal brain. Total gangliosides were isolated as native mixtures from tissue homogenates. High-performance thin-layer chromatography was used for both compositional analysis and preparative isolation of GG species for subsequent MS analysis. The analyses were performed on a high capacity ion trap ultra mass spectrometer coupled with a NanoMate robot. More than two times lower total GG concentrations were obtained in the fetal vs. adult brain regions. Differences were also observed in relative abundances of major GG fractions and individual species between fetal and adult brain regions, as well as between individual species in precental vs. postcental gyrus. Comparative MS screening of the analyzed native mixtures revealed highly complex ganglioside compositions. MS sequencing data providing structural determination of some characteristic species will be presented.

gangliosides; human brain; mass spectrometry

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