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Histopathological findings in fetuses positive on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome by PCR or immunohistochemistry

The aim of the this study was to describe pathomorphological lesions in fetuses from cases of abortion attributed to PRRSV and to evaluate the incidence of PRRSV detection by PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). For this study 83 fetuses from 8 different large pig producing units with significant reproductive losses, aborted in late gestation were used. During post-mortem examnination, samples of brain, thymus, heart, lungs, liver, spleen, kidney, intestines, lymph nodes and umbilical cord were collected for histopathological examination and IHC. For PCR detection samples of lungs, spleen and liver were stored on -70C. PRRSV was detected by PCR in only 6 (7, 23%) fetuses. The IHC detected PRRSV only in thymus of 19 (23, 9%) fetuses. Altogether, 22 (26, 5%) fetuses were positive in at least one of the methods while 61 (74, 5%) were negative. Most frequent lesion in PRRSV infected fetuses was edema and haemorrhages of umbilical cord, lymphocytic hepatitis and liver hyperaemia. Thymus appeared to be the only organ where PRRSV antigen was found by IHC. The study indicates that the tissue selection is crucial for diagnosis of PRRSV in fetuses by PCR and IHC.

PRRS; histopathology; immunohistochemistry; PCR

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