hrvatski

Novovjekovni nalazi u grobovima 17. i 18. stoljeća oko crkve sv. Nikole biskupa u Žumberku

Archaeological research of the church of St Nicholas Bishop in Žumberak was part of a comprehensive conservation – restoration work carried out by Croatian Conservation Institute since 2004. The church has a rectangular ground plan with a polygonal chancel. Sacristy is younger than the church as well as the bell tower, built in front of the southwestern façade. Archaeological research encompassed the foundations of the apse as well as the wider area around it (probe S2A-S2D), south-east façade of the church (probe 1 / S1) and graveyard around the church. In the entire space of S1 a built tomb was found. Not a single grave was found intact inside this tomb. Considering all the found bones were scattered, it can be presumed that the tomb was built for deposition of earlier graves, while its vault was used as a floor of earlier sacristy. In probes 2A-D only 22 intact graves were examined, although considering the number of scattered bones it can be assumed that the number the graves was almost double. Scattered bones were mainly found in the upper 100 cm of mentioned probes, thus leading to conclusion that they belonged to graves devastated during several construction works on the church. All of the intact graves can be dated to 17th and 18th century due to grave finds characteristic for that period: religious medals, rosaries and adornment. Examined graves were densely buried in line with the church, with deceased’s heads positioned either north-east or south-east. Most of them were buried in wooden coffins, confirmed by a significant number of found iron nails. The oldest ones of the examined graves were buried directly into the ground. They were possible to identify only by the imprint in the ground. Archaeological findings that were found are accustomed for the 17th and 18th century: in examined graves were found rings (30 pieces) and religious medals (those with St Benedict predominate in number, on 6 out of 12 medals). On others are shown Virgin Mary, Jesus, St John Nepomucene, the Holy Family, Arma Christi, crosses (St Benedict and Vitam Praesta) and rosaries while there were two litterae breves (Breverl, Germ.) with inscriptions or religious pictures. Most of the religious medals and crosses were made of bronze, and only one medal was made of glass. In examined graves clasps for clothing (also known as babe and dedeki) in various sizes were found as well as several pins and brooches. The coins --- to je sve ok. Archaeological finds found in Žumberak graveyard are consistent with other examined 17th and 18th century graveyards. The only specific features are adornments made of bronze wire. Rings with spirally wound crown are inevitably reminiscent of Early Croatian work. Rings and wire brooches decorated with glass paste beads from this graveyard have no analogies on other 17th and 18th century graveyards, and therefore it can be assumed that they are some kind of traditional jewellery.

crkva sv. Nikole; Pribić; Žumberak; svetačke medaljice

nije evidentirano

engleski

17 and 18 century finds atond the church of St Nicholas Bishop in Žumberak

Archaeological research of the church of St Nicholas Bishop in Žumberak was part of a comprehensive conservation – restoration work carried out by Croatian Conservation Institute since 2004. The church has a rectangular ground plan with a polygonal chancel. Sacristy is younger than the church as well as the bell tower, built in front of the southwestern façade. Archaeological research encompassed the foundations of the apse as well as the wider area around it (probe S2A-S2D), south-east façade of the church (probe 1 / S1) and graveyard around the church. In the entire space of S1 a built tomb was found. Not a single grave was found intact inside this tomb. Considering all the found bones were scattered, it can be presumed that the tomb was built for deposition of earlier graves, while its vault was used as a floor of earlier sacristy. In probes 2A-D only 22 intact graves were examined, although considering the number of scattered bones it can be assumed that the number the graves was almost double. Scattered bones were mainly found in the upper 100 cm of mentioned probes, thus leading to conclusion that they belonged to graves devastated during several construction works on the church. All of the intact graves can be dated to 17th and 18th century due to grave finds characteristic for that period: religious medals, rosaries and adornment. Examined graves were densely buried in line with the church, with deceased’s heads positioned either north-east or south-east. Most of them were buried in wooden coffins, confirmed by a significant number of found iron nails. The oldest ones of the examined graves were buried directly into the ground. They were possible to identify only by the imprint in the ground. Archaeological findings that were found are accustomed for the 17th and 18th century: in examined graves were found rings (30 pieces) and religious medals (those with St Benedict predominate in number, on 6 out of 12 medals). On others are shown Virgin Mary, Jesus, St John Nepomucene, the Holy Family, Arma Christi, crosses (St Benedict and Vitam Praesta) and rosaries while there were two litterae breves (Breverl, Germ.) with inscriptions or religious pictures. Most of the religious medals and crosses were made of bronze, and only one medal was made of glass. In examined graves clasps for clothing (also known as babe and dedeki) in various sizes were found as well as several pins and brooches. The coins --- to je sve ok. Archaeological finds found in Žumberak graveyard are consistent with other examined 17th and 18th century graveyards. The only specific features are adornments made of bronze wire. Rings with spirally wound crown are inevitably reminiscent of Early Croatian work. Rings and wire brooches decorated with glass paste beads from this graveyard have no analogies on other 17th and 18th century graveyards, and therefore it can be assumed that they are some kind of traditional jewellery.

St. Nicholas' Church; Pribić; Žumberak; saints' medals

nije evidentirano