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Developmental and karyological studies of Vicia faba callus cultures

The aim of this study has been to define the pattern of instability in callus tissue of Vicia faba L. For this purpose various strains of the callus tissue were obtained from immature and mature embryos (from imbibed seeds) and maintained on geled Murashige-Skoog complete medium containing 30 g sucrose (or glucose) and 0.3 to 0.5 mg 2, 4-D per liter. The effects of various hormonal and environmental factors on callus growth were observed with the help of determining fresh weights while at the same time the chromosomal changes were studied. Karyological analyses of various strains, in early as well in late subcultures, have shown that all strains contain populations of cells with various ploidy and aneuploidy levels. Thus far observations indicate that the percentage of polyploid cells (even in the earliest subcultures) depends on the age of initial material. In nearly all nuclei various karyotypes have been found as demonstrated by alterations in chromosome number, morphology and Giemsa C-banding patterns.

callus culture; Vicia faba; chromosome number

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