engleski

Indicators of maximal running speed

The issue treated in the present research is an investigation of the phenomenon of sprinting conducted on a sample of variably trained PE students who had been positively selected for their study, meaning generally for sport, but had not been oriented to athletics nor had been trained specifically for it. And such situations are the same as those with which physical education teachers, coaches who work with novices in athletics and physical conditioning coaches, who work in other sports than athletics, have to face in their actual practice. The aim of the present research was to investigate the relations of 7 variables of power and 12 variables of morphological characteristics with the 4 kinematic indicators of maximal speed running. The research was conducted on a sample of 133 PE male students, age 21.7 ± 1.08 (BH 180.8 ± 6.98 ; BW 76.6 ± 7.62). For all variables the basic descriptive parameters were computed. Latent structure of morphological characteristics and of power indicators was determined with the component model of factor analysis under the GK-criterion and with a non- orthogonal rotation of the initial coordinate system under the promax criterion. Relations of power and morphological variables to kinematic parameters were determined using canonical analysis. Canonical analysis of the morphological factors and power factors with kinematic parameters resulted in two pairs of canonical factors with statistically significant canonical correlations (Rc1=0.76 ; p<0.01, and Rc2=0.57 ; p<0.01). On the basis of the first pair structure of canonical factors it was concluded that the PE students who had pronounced dimensionality of skeleton, a smaller amount of subcutaneous fatty tissue and better developed relative power, performed longer strides in maximal speed running. The structure of the second canonical factor pair indicated that the students with the greater skeleton dimensionality had a smaller frequency of strides and their footground contact lasted longer. It was also determined that stride length and stride frequency were negatively correlated in maximal speed running which was the result of positive correlation between skeleton dimensionality and stride length, on the one hand, and of negative correlation between skeleton dimensionality and stride frequency. As far as authors know, this research is the first one that demonstrated integrally the mechanism of mutual relationships between subcutaneous fatty tissue, skeleton dimensionality, explosive power and kinematic parameters. The findings may contribute to a better understanding of the factors responsible for sprint performance in the population of athletes who are not top-level sprinters, i.e. they may be useful to PE teachers, coaches who work with novices in athletics and physical conditioning coaches who work in other sports than athletics, to get a more thorough insight into the sprinting efficiency mechanisms.

sprint running ; kinamtic indicators ; maximal running speed

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