engleski

Incidence of the most important sunflower diseases in eastern Croatia

In order to estimate susceptibility of sunflower cultivars to most important diseases in climatic conditions of eastern Croatia, an experiment was conducted in 1997 and 1998 growing seasons. Field trials were performed 20 cultivars in the first and 17 cultivars in the second year, two sowing dates (mid April, early May) and fungicide treatments. Either no control measures were applied or sunflower cultivars were sprayed with 1.5 l/ha Konker by the plan: R1-R2 stages only; R1-R2 + R5.8 stages. The most important sunflower pathogens were Phomopsis helianthi and Phoma macdonaldi that occurred in both years and with all cultivars. The incidence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on sunflower stems was low but head infection caused by this fungus was the same as one caused by Botrytis cinerea in early sowing date with some cultivars in 1998. Plasmopara halstedii was recorded on a few plants of inspected cultivars only in 1998. There were established notable differences in disease incidence and yield per hectare as well as between fungicide treatments and in some cases between sowing dates.

sunflower; fungal diseases of sunflower; sunflower cultivars; fungicide

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