engleski

Folate intake as risk factor for hyperhomocysteinemia in elderly women

An elevated total homocysteine (Hcy) concentration is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, but recent data also suggest that Hcy level could have influence on bone health. There is a high prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (level >15 micromol/L) as a sign of a vitamin deficiency in elderly subjects, who usually have low energy intake and do not take micronutrient supplements. The aim of this study was to determine folate intake, plasma Hcy levels and the association between folate intake and Hcy concentrations in elderly women. This study examined dietary folate intake in 63 older women, mean age 74.8 years. Dietary folate intake was estimated using validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Mean dietary intake converted to dietary folate equivalents (DFE) was 207.8 microg DFE/day. Total folate intake, including food folate and supplements, was 274.9 microg DFE/day. Folate intake above recommended 400 microg DFE/day was observed in 20.6 % subjects. An average Hcy level was 13.7 ± 4.51 micromol/L, what is above desirable levels (<10 micromol/L). Hcy levels >15 micromol/L had 33.3 % subjects and mildly elevated Hcy levels (10-15 micromol/L) had 50.8 % subjects. Negative statistically significant correlation was determined between Hcy levels and total folate intake (r=-0.26, p<0.05). As was expected only small number of subjects (15.9 %) had normal levels of Hcy, and a high folate intake (diet and/or supplements) was associated with a decreased Hcy concentration. Vitamin/mineral supplements would be preferable among elderly women.

homocysteine; folate intake; elderly women

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