engleski

Micropropagation of chrysanthemum by axillary branching and regeneration by somatic embryogenesis

Chrysanthemum (Dendrathema grandiflora Tzvelev) is globally the second economically most important floricultural crop. It is propagated vegetatively by cuttings. Because the cuttings are obtained repeatedly from mother plants, they may be subjected to a virus infection. Production of the new mother stock plants by micropropagation every year could be cost- effective and would guarantee production of healthy cuttings. Alternative way of defence against pathogens is breeding of resistant genotypes. One method of doing this is a genetic transformation with suitable genes, in which case an effective regeneration protocol should be made available, one that is usually genotype depended. Objectives of this study were finding out: (1) which medium constitution is optimal for in vitro propagation of the chrysanthemum cv. Palisade by axillary branching and (2) is it possible to obtain the somatic embryogenesis of this cultivar as a method of in vitro regeneration. Among the three different, slightly modified MS media the highest multiplication rate of 3.8 new micro- shoots per one inoculated was obtained when BA and GA3 were used in concentration of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/l, respectively. Rooting medium supplemented with IBA (0.5 mg/l) gave higher number of roots (5.3) per plantlet then the same medium supplemented with IAA (1 mg/l). Leaf, petiole and stem explants were used for somatic embryogenesis and the highest number of somatic embryos was obtained on leaf explants. We can conclude that chrysanthemum cv. Palisade could be in vitro efficiently propagated by axillary branching and it is amenable for somatic embryogenesis.

chrysanthemum; micropropagation; somatic embryogenesis

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