engleski

Determination of Food Additives in Beverages With Enhanced Signals Resolution Method

The use and development of new analytical techniques in food science runs parallel with the increased consumers concern what is in their food and the safety of food they eat. Analytical techniques must address an important number of problems providing information about processing, quality control, ensuring compliance with food and trade laws, adulteration, contamination and chemical composition of food. Although there is a growing interest in the development of new analytical procedures, spectrophotometry has found in food analysis a frequent use due to it is fast, gives direct measurement of the food constituents, does not use toxic reactants and solvents, can be used in process-line and can detect several components simultaneously. The main problem is lack of selectivity. Therefore, instead of tedious separation procedures, the application of chemometric analysis is sometimes required to resolve overlapped signals and determine each component in multianalyte sample. In this work we have tried to resolve with signal ratio method the spectra of two synthetic dyes in beverages, commercial dye mixtures and aroma preparations. Various dyes, natural and synthetic, are used as food additives to enhance visual effect or to make the product more appealing. Synthetic dyes are generally much more stable to heat treatments, pH changes, and extended storage conditions. Commonly used synthetic azo dyes are potentially toxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic so their application is governmentally regulated, and amount used should be controlled. Improved signal resolution method was applied to resolve spectrophotometric binary mixture signals of most commonly used synthetic food dyes. Method was tested on mathematically simulated models of Gauss functions to define criteria that need to be met to get plausible results. It was found that strongly overlapped Gauss curves with peak to peak separation of 5-10 nm can be resolved if the ratio of amplitudes is less than 1 : 10 and the width of Gauss curves differs at least 5 nm. With one set of experiments, which include spectra of sample with two analytes and spectra of sample with several standard additions of one analyte, it is possible to simultaneously determine both analytes. Method was successfully used for determination of dyes in alcoholic beverages, commercial dye mitures and aroma preparations.

azo dyes; enhanced signals ratio resolution method; binary mixture

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