engleski

Apples quality evaluation after the harvest

Research of the quality factor for various apples cultivars (Golden Delicious, Gloster and Jonagold) with the main intent to determine the best cultivar for long term storage and consumption was recently performed at the Lačić Family Farm in Donja Vrba near Slavonski Brod, Croatia. Plantation was made in 1981, grafted on the MM106 rootstock and formatted in the modified singlefloor palmette with spindle- shaped top on 3.0  4.5 m distance (which gives plant density of 740 trees per ha). Using the standard methods for determine apples quality the following analysis and calculations were performed: average fruit weight, firmness, soluble solid contents, starch test and Streif index. Average fruit weight obtained for chosen cultivars was as lowest as it is characteristic for each cultivar. For the Jonagold cultivar fruits had the biggest average weight, the lowest firmness values and the lowest soluble solid content. Weight of the Golden Delicious cultivar was the lowest among the tested cultivars but the Golden Delicious fruits had the largest soluble solid content. Both starch and Streif maturity indexes showed overmaturity on cultivars in this research. Statistically significant differences in fruit firmness between the Jonagold cultivar and the other two cultivars were obtained. Also, statistically significant differences in soluble solid contents were founded for the Golden Delicious in comparison to the Jonagold and the Gloster cultivars. The Golden Delicious differs significantly in fruits weight compared to other cultivars examined. By analyzing maturity of apples it could be seen that the optimal harvest time had to be adjusted according to different cultivars.

fruit ; apple ; quality ; starch index ; Streif index

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