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Atractolytocestus huronensis anthony, 1985 from farmed common carp in Croatia

Khawia sinensis and Bothriocephalus acheilognathi are common parasites of farmed common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in Croatia. In recent years, the non-native cestode Atractolytocestus huronensis has spread throughout Europe. This study reports the occurrence and histopathology of A. huronensis in farmed common carp from Croatia. This study involved common carp collected from five fish farms in Croatia from April to September. A total of 944 fish comprising carp fry (n = 315), one-year old carp (n = 485) and two-year old carp (n = 144) were examined. The caryophyllidean cestode A. huronensis was found in only 2 of 5 fish farms. All examined age classes of common carp were infected. Although the highest prevalence of infection in one-year old carp was observed during July (31/70 ; 44.3%) and August (27/120 ; 22.5%), in two-year old carp the highest prevalence was observed in August (3/3 ; 100%) and September (4/18 ; 22.2%). Histological sections showed numerous changes in the infected parts of the digestive tract. Cestodes were attached to the intestinal mucosa. At the point of attachment, atrophy and destruction of the mucosal epithelium was evident, and the basal membrane was usually intact. However, necrosis of epithelial cells was commonly observed at the basal part of mucosal folds. A moderate infiltration of lymphocytes and eosinophilic granule cells, and a mild infiltration of macrophages was recorded in the deeper intestinal layers (i.e. lamina propria and submucosa). Parasites only occasionally penetrated through the lamina propria into the submucosa. Adjacent to the parasite body, erosion of the apical part of mucosal folds was observed. In addition to these histopathological changes in the intestine, some changes of unknown etiology were also observed in the kidney, spleen and liver. Formation of multiple granulomas was evident in the kidney and spleen, and degenerative changes of hepatocytes were observed in the liver tissue of some fish.

Atractolytocestus huronensis; farmed common carp

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