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Molecular Characterization of Basil Accessions using AFLP Markers

AFLP markers were used for genetic diversity analysis of 40 basil accessions representing eight species (O. americanum L., O. basilicum L., O. champechianum Mill., O. x citriodorum Vis., O. gratissimum L., O. kilimandscharicum Baker ex Gürke O. minimum L., O. tenuiflorum L.). Genetic relationships were determined by Neighbor Joining cluster analysis based on Dice's distance matrix between accessions. High bootstrap support values for the branches separating species were observed as well as grouping of morphologically similar accessions within the O. basilicum cluster. The position of O. minimum accession within the O. basilicum cluster indicate that at genomic level O. minimum is closely related to other taxa of O. basilicum. O. minimum should be considered as a variety of O. basilicum, although it possesses a limited number of dwarfing genes giving it clearly distinguishable morphological features. The accessions of O. americanum and O. x citriodorum grouped together with two accessions of O. basilicum var. purpurascens. The explanation could be the hybrid origin of O. x citriodorum (= O. basilicum x O. americanum) as well as of these two accessions of var. purpurascens (= O. basilicum var. purpurascens s. stricto x O. x citriodorum). AFLP markers can contribute in resolving existing problems concerning basil taxonomy at both inter- and intra-specific levels.

accession; AFLP; basil; genetic diversity

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