engleski

Status and trends of alfalfa breeding in Croatia

Approximately 2.7% of total arable land i.e. 36000 ha was sown with lucerne in the Republic of Croatia in 1996.Since 1970, areas (69000 ha)under this fooder crop have been decreasing permanently.Lucerne area is expected to increase in the forth coming period.Lucerne breeding started at the Agricultural Institute in Osijek 1952.First selected modern domestic variety (Osječka 66) originated by crossing according to poly-cross method of 16 chosen parents from domestic population so called Panonoa lucerne as well as of French and Italian varieties. Researches by Stjepanović et al.(1987)showed that domestic varieties were richer in proteins compared to Elga and Europe. Further trends of lucerne breeding were conditioned by agroclimatic breeding environment in Croatia. About 50% of arable land is acid of which 1/3 wery acid (Durman et al.1988). Sijerković et al.(1994) claimed that annual damages caused by natural catastrophies in the period 1980-1993 were ower 300 mollion USD per year whereas drought had a share of 42% in total damages. Bonaccio (1996) stated that there was 38% of drought years. The aim of the forthcoming period breeding will be achieving varieties tolerant to lower pH, drought, irrigation but with yield and quality incerase. Breeders will mainly use standard breeding methods in the forthcoming 10-15 years.

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